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The base pairs that hold together two pieces of RNA, the older cousin of DNA, are some of the most important molecular interactions in living cells. Many scientists believe that these base pairs were part of life from the very beginning and that RNA was one of the first polymers of life.
But there is a problem. The RNA bases don't form base pairs in water unless they are connected to a polymer backbone, a trait that has baffled origin-of-life scientists for decades.
If the bases don't pair before they are part of polymers, how would the bases have been selected out from the many molecules in the "prebiotic soup" so that RNA polymers could be formed?
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology are exploring an alternate theory for the origin of RNA: they think the RNA bases may have evolved from a pair of molecules distinct from the bases we have today.
This theory looks increasingly attractive, as the Georgia Tech group was able to achieve efficient, highly ordered self-assembly in water with small molecules that are similar to the bases of RNA. These "proto-RNA bases" spontaneously assemble into gene-length linear stacks, suggesting that the genes of life could have gotten started from these or similar molecules. The research is published online in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
The discovery was made by a team of scientists led by Georgia Tech Professor Nicholas Hud, who has been trying for years to find simple molecules that will assemble in water and be capable of forming RNA or its ancestor.
Hud's group knew that they were on to something when they added a small chemical tail to a proto-RNA base and saw it spontaneously form linear assemblies with another proto-RNA base. In some cases, the results produced 18,000 nicely ordered, stacked molecules in one long structure.
"Thinking about the origin of RNA reminds me of the paradox of your grandfather's ax," said Hud, a professor in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry. "If your father changed the handle and you changed the head, is it the same ax? We see RNA the same way. Its chemical structure might have changed over time, but it was in continual use so we can consider it to be the same molecule."
Hud concedes that scientists may never be 100 percent sure what existed four billion years ago when a complex mixture of chemicals started to work together to start life. His next goal is to determine whether the proto-RNA bases can be linked by a backbone to form a polymer that could have functioned as a genetic material.
Georgia Tech partnered with the Institute for Research in Biomedicine in Barcelona, Spain on the project. The proto-RNA's two-component, self-assembling system consisted of cyanuric acid (CA) and TAPAS, a derivative of triaminopyrimidine (TAP).
In addition to addressing the origin-of-life questions, Hud suggests the self-assembly process could be used in the future to create new materials, such as nanowires.
JACS study
Source: http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Molecules_Assemble_in_Water_Hint_at_Origins_of_Life_999.html
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Maintaining inbox zero and dealing with old emails takes work (for some, too much work!). This Google Apps script lightens the load a bit by automatically archiving or deleting old emails that are cluttering your inbox, based on a schedule you set.
Whipped up by John Day, these time-based Gmail filters will move old read emails to the trash or auto-archive them.
So, for example, you could automatically get rid of expired daily deals emails or other promotional emails that are more than two days old. First, create a Gmail filter that automatically applies the label "delete me" to that semi-spam when it comes in.
Then the Google Apps script, which you'll need to authorize for your Gmail account, takes care of deleting emails with that label that are older than two days. You can adjust the number of days before messages are moved to the trash in the script (see the delayDays variable and change the 2 to another number) and under the Resources > Current project's triggers... option, set the script to check your inbox every half hour or other interval.
For those old, read emails you want to keep but move out of your inbox, there's another function that archives them. (In the script you can also adjust the older_than search to something other than 2d and add or exclude other labels.)
For more details, see John's post, where he offers the code for you to paste into a new Google Apps Script. I've shared this Google Apps script with the two functions pasted in, so you can just make a copy of it to your account and run it per John's instructions.
Create time-based Gmail filters with Google Apps Script | Johneday via adayzdone
Photo by Storozhenko (Shutterstock)
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NEW YORK ? After filing into the Hammerstein Ballroom and shaking off the brittle chill of the Manhattan winter, we sit in quiet expectation. Every five minutes, an Englishwoman with a soothing voice encourages us take our seats and updates us on just how much time we had before the presentation began. Shockingly, it starts exactly on time.
Lights flash and music blasts at us as a series of marketing slogans appears on the screen, one after another, in succession so rapid that they are rendered almost meaningless. Sony is at war with something or other. It?s all very serious. When the strobing stops, Andrew House, Sony Computer Entertainment?s Group CEO, takes the stage and welcomes us for a long time, making no mention of a new console. For a moment, it seems that perhaps the joke that was circulating on Twitter all day was true ? maybe this was just an elaborate ruse, maybe we weren?t going to see a new console after all.
But then the letters appear on the screen, PS4, and the room relaxes, though perhaps too soon.There is a certain tolerance for sleight of hand at a press event like PlayStation Meeting. There will be fancy light shows and slogans and corny jokes, a bit of prestige meant to entertain and distract from the fact that, over the course of hours, only a few nuggets of genuine information will be presented to the public. The job of the marketing people at Sony is to use that time to sell an idea; it is far too long until launch to be selling a physical product. The job of the audience is to dig through all the lip service to find the substance underneath.
Even so, considering this was the presentation of Sony?s vision of the future of gaming, a first step in a journey into the next generation that will likely last years, there was surprisingly little substance for the audience to find. Rather, after the dog and pony show, we were most interested in what was absent.
Namely, the console itself. While the architecture of the system was sketched out in broad strokes, the box itself did not make an appearance. Is it flat? Is it tall? Is it black? Is it white? Will it look sexy and sleek next to my flatscreen TV? These questions, seemingly integral for an event announcing a new piece of consumer hardware, were left to be answered on another day.
In fact, the vast majority of the presentation was concerned with things we had already seen. The lone piece of hardware on display, the redesigned DualShock 4 controller, made the rounds in the gaming press last week. The new touch pad, an admittedly intriguing addition, was mentioned in passing but not elaborated on. None of the game demos showed us how it could be used.
The new games that were introduced felt similarly familiar. We learned that Diablo III, a game that came out for PC in 2012, would be coming to PlayStation, the same for Ubisoft?s Watch Dogs, a game that was revealed last year at E3 and widely thought to be a next-gen title. We saw the tech demo of Unreal Engine 4, a version of which has been circulating in the industry since March of last year, and ?Agni?s Prophecy? from Square Enix, which surfaced for the first time last summer.
Even what was new was old. Killzone will be getting another sequel in Shadow Fall, a game that, by the series? established standards, is refreshingly vibrant (this one has colors other than gray and red in it) but, in the end, looks like just another sci-fi first-person shooter. The Infamous franchise will also be getting another installment with Second Son, which looks rather like the last Infamous game but with more particle effects.
There were new titles on display as well, of course. Mark Cerny, the console?s lead system architect, showed off Knack, a charming enough brawler with a Pixar vibe. DriveClub, an obsessively detailed team racing game, took a page from Gran Turismo. Capcom?s demo for Deep Down also looked promising in a way reminiscent of Dark Souls and Dragon?s Dogma. And there was Bungie?s spiritual successor to Halo, called Destiny, which looks very Haloey indeed.
None of these things, new or old, felt very like a bold new generation. The feeling of sameness, of deja vu, ran very deep over the course of the program. And, again, what was absent was what was most conspicuous. Long time tent pole series like God of War and Uncharted went without mention and, while Journey was proudly referenced on several occasions, no one from thatgamecompany took to the stage.
Sure, there was grand talk of integrated social initiatives, most of which boiled down to the new controller having a Share button. Much was made of the idea of accessing games from any of your other high tech devices, something that seems like a cousin of Microsoft?s SmartGlass. And the struggling Vita got a boost, thanks to the implication that it could be used for remote play ?- a promise that has been made and broken before.
At least in regards to the remote play, Shuhei Yoshida, head of Sony?s game development studios, gave a concrete clarification during a roundtable interview. ?Remote play will work. Virtually every PS4 game will be playable on PSP Vita via remote play. It is a great experience. We have tried it already,? he says. ?I will be heartbroken if it [isn?t available] day one.?
The most exciting thing discussed during the presentation was Sony?s commitment to immediacy. No more infinite updates. No more long install times. With a separate chip dedicated to background downloads, you?ll be able to fire up your PlayStation 4 and play games without delay. But when reducing load times is an undisputed highlight, trouble might be looming.
After the presentation, we adjourn to the lounge. It is a chic space with low light, an open bar and waiters serving hors d?oeuvres, the kind of place meant to foster conversations and positive opinions. Yet the atmosphere runs from ambivalent to confused. Harold Goldberg, author of the gaming history book All Your Base Are Belong to Us, said it best: ?Well, it was vague.?
Over and over, the same question was being asked: ?Why now?? With no prototype console on display, with no hands-on opportunities after the presentation, with nothing but assurances that more details would come later in the year, why not wait until later in the year to introduce the system? Why bring 1,200 journalists and fans from all over the country to New York in the dead of winter to show a video that was livestreamed around the world?
Yoshida tried to clear up some of those mysteries. He apologized directly for not showing the actual hardware during the event, explaining that from now until launch, Sony has a lot of information to communicate to consumers. Last night?s priority, he said, was on the philosophy behind the system. Yoshida also noted the final console is ?not finished. We are still making tweaks.?
He also offered some assurances that the console?s price will not be as high as the PS3?s, which launched at $600. ?The architecture choice that we have made this time around allows us to not have to create dedicated factories,? he explains. ?That helps us provide an affordable price to consumers.?
A final bit of good news: Yoshida said that PlayStation 4 will not outright block the play of games bought second-hand. ?When you purchase disc-based games for PS4, they will work on any hardware,? Yoshida says. As for online registration of games, he noted that was a decision for publishers to make.
For every clarification, however, there seemed to be a hydra of topics Yoshida wasn?t willing to talk about yet. The real answer is likely that, having been late to market with the PlayStation 3, Sony is looking for an early edge in mindshare this time around. But with so many elaborate promises and so few details, what was meant to be a head start might really have been jumping the gun.
Source: http://feeds.wired.com/~r/Gamelife/~3/kn_A7YiYG9M/
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Campo Reno?s chef/owner Mark Estee is a semifinalist for the prestigious James Beard Award in the category of Best Chef: West. Estee?s company for the nomination includes 19 other noted chefs from San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Las Vegas, including Top Chef Masters? contestant John Rivera Sedlar and renowned chef-owner Corey Lee.
The James Beard Awards recognize excellence across the food industry, including chefs, restaurateurs, cookbook authors and food journalists across North America. They are considered the highest honor for food and beverage professionals.
Estee credits his continued success to his superb Campo team, including Chef Arturo Moscoso.
?Campo is dedicated to creating a food culture in Reno that rivals any large city in the U.S. and is honored to be a part of our city?s ongoing redevelopment,? said Estee. ?Reno is on its way and we are proud to be an important part of the journey.?
The list will be narrowed down to finalists and winners will be announced at the James Beard Awards dinner on Friday, May 3 in the heart of New York City. Tickets are available to the public and go on sale March 18.
You can view all nominees at: http://www.jamesbeard.org/sites/default/files/static/additional/2013-jbf-semifinalists.pdf
For more information on the awards visit: http://www.jamesbeard.org/about
###
About Mark Estee:
Mark Estee is driven by a love for authentic ingredients that create true connections between land, farmer, food and diner. Whether it is hand-choosing his restaurant?s produce or meat from a local organic farm or developing new dishes based on his ?Whole Hog Philosophy,? Estee believes in building full-flavored food using every portion of every ingredient.
Estee is the current chef/owner of Campo Reno and the former owner of Moody?s Bistro and Lounge in Truckee. Estee?s downtown Reno riverfront restaurant, Campo was recently named one of Esquire magazine?s Best New Restaurants in America for 2012. Estee emphasizes passion, energy and learning in all he does.? Communications through innovative social media practices at his Reno restaurant have drawn rave reviews.
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Wilson Rothman , NBC News ? ? ? 6 hrs.
Even after several months, I don't know what to make of Windows 8. And Microsoft's tablet initiative feels like it's on the rocks. Still, when I look at SkyDrive and Outlook.com ? which will replace Hotmail completely by this summer ? I see hope for the company. All that's missing is Office for iPad ... and iPhone ... and Android.
Excellent webmail and cloud storage services could help Microsoft grab users from the competition. But Google is doing a great job on both of those fronts, too, and Amazon, Apple and others play in that same space. The big gun, the thing that Microsoft still does better than everybody else, is the office suite. Microsoft's recent launch of the subscription-based any-device Office 365 is testament to the fact that the company ? or at least that incredibly successful division ? understands the benefit of not being locked to one platform. So what are the folks in Redmond waiting for?
Here's how the pieces fit together: Webmail is the most popular Web service there is, and it's a good gateway to other services. (Just ask Google, which makes a regular practice out of nagging Gmailers to get on Google+.) SkyDrive is a great add-on service because it serves as a spillover for Outlook.com mail: If you have a lot of attachments, or files that are really big, Outlook asks you to throw them into a shareable SkyDrive folder instead. And Office 2013 already connects to SkyDrive to save stuff in the cloud.
Outlook and SkyDrive are cheerfully platform agnostic: The Outlook team released an Android mail app last fall, and optimized its compatibility with iOS's Mail. Meanwhile, SkyDrive syncs beautifully on Macs and iPhones, and lots of other devices too. Success in webmail and cloud storage leaves a lot of options open for Microsoft, and cross compatibility means decreasing the dependence on Windows. No matter how much Microsoft wants to save Windows, its other businesses need to acknowledge the fact that operating systems don't matter anymore.
Look, your car may look different than mine, and have more cupholders, but we can both drive on the same roads. Applications (software written for specific computers) gave way to the Internet, where software lived somewhere out in the ether. We are now in a third age where apps, optimized for our devices, bring services from the Internet. I don't care if you love Windows 8 or hate it, ditto for OS X, iOS, Android or even Chrome OS (not that you've necessarily heard of Google's browser-based desktop OS) ? they are but vehicles.
I know what you are thinking: Apple and Google have been using their recent success to push music and video, storage, photo management, even social networking, all in one "ecosystem." While it makes sense on paper, people don't buy books from Apple, they buy 'em from Amazon; they don't stream music and movies from Google, they get it from Spotify and Netflix. Apple's Ping social network didn't exactly have the momentum of Google+, so it implanted both Twitter and Facebook directly into all of its operating systems.
Lately I have looked around for services outside of "ecosystems" precisely because they won't tie me down inconveniently to one family of like-branded products. Even if you love Apple (or Samsung) products so much to only buy them, you still have to get every single one of your family members to do the same in order to start enjoying the benefits of some services such as messaging, photo sharing, etc.
So what about office software? We have seen serviceable iWork apps from Apple, but they won't run on Android. We've seen some shabby free office suites that will. Google Docs, which I use all the time for collaboration, are lightweight and platform indifferent, but they lack the power and versatility of classic Office. Despite the usual design and workflow criticism, we can agree that nobody does the whole package better than Microsoft.
What we want ? and I'm pretty sure I really am speaking for most of the world here ? is Microsoft's suite on whatever device we happen to be using.
So how about it, Redmond? Office for the iPad, this year? Seriously. One hundred million iPad users can't be totally wrong. SkyDrive should be integrated for storing documents, and an update for OS X should provide SkyDrive access. Meanwhile, an Outlook.com mail account should be a (free) requirement to sync these services.
So then, five years from now, when people are laughing about that whole Windows 8 thing, at least the formerly all-powerful software maker will continue to make billions in profit from its Office suite, which would remain a must-have ubiquitous service for paying customers anywhere ... on any device. Ya dig?
Wilson Rothman is the Technology & Science editor at NBC News Digital. Catch up with him on Twitter at @wjrothman, and join our conversation on Facebook.
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A corn field is shrouded in mist at sunrise in rural Springfield, Neb.
Nati Harnik/APFor years, I've been hearing stories about the changing agricultural landscape of the northern plains. Grasslands are disappearing, farmers told me. They're being replaced by fields of corn and soybeans.
This week, those stories got a big dose of scientific, peer-reviewed validation. A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows actual pictures ? derived from satellite data ? of that changing landscape. The images show that farmers in the Dakotas, Minnesota, Iowa and Nebraska converted 1.3 million acres of grassland into soybean and corn production between 2006 and 2011.
"This is kind of the worst-kept secret in the Northern Plains. We just put some numbers on it," says Christopher Wright, from South Dakota State University, who got funding from the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy to take a close look at this phenomenon. Earlier studies from the Environmental Working Group and the USDA's Economic Research Service have also looked at it, each using slightly different methods.
Hot spots of grassland conversion: This map shows the percentage of existing grasslands that were converted into corn or soybean fields between 2006 and 2011.
Christopher K. Wright/South Dakota State UniversityStill, Wright's images are striking, and these changes are having profound effects on the environment of this region. For instance, it's bad news for wildlife, because corn fields are much less inviting habitat for a wide range of wild creatures, from ground-nesting birds to insects, including bees. Corn and soybean fields are increasingly encroaching into the Prairie Pothole region of the Dakotas and Minnesota, the most important breeding habitat for waterfowl in North America.
In southern Iowa, Wright says, much of the land conversion is taking place on hillsides. The soil of those fields, without permanent grass to hold it in place, is now much more likely to wash into streams and ponds. And on the western edge of this region, farmers are taking a chance on corn and soybeans in places that sometimes don't get enough rainfall for these thirsty crops.
Why? There's one very simple reason: Corn and soybean prices are high, so farmers can earn a lot of money growing those crops. Meanwhile, funding has been declining for one important alternative ? the government's Conservation Reserve Program, which pays farmers to protect wildlife and water quality by keeping land in grass.
Another reason, however, is getting increasing attention: crop insurance. The government subsidizes private insurance policies that cover the risks of poor harvests, or even that prices will fall. Because farmers don't pay for the full cost of this insurance, critics of crop insurance say that it encourages risky behavior: planting crops in areas that don't drain well, where rainfall is unreliable, or on hillsides where soil erosion is a problem.
Critics say that the government should drastically reduce its subsidies for such insurance. Not only is it fiscally irresponsible, they say. It's encouraging farmers to destroy the grasslands of the northern plains, a priceless and increasingly scarce natural treasure.
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Jerry Buss built a glittering life at the intersection of sports and Hollywood.
After growing up in poverty in Wyoming, he earned success in academia, aerospace and real estate before discovering his favorite vocation when he bought the Los Angeles Lakers in 1979. While Buss wrote the checks and fostered partnerships with two generations of basketball greats, the Lakers won 10 NBA titles and became a glamorous worldwide brand.
With a scientist's analytical skills, a playboy's flair, a businessman's money-making savvy and a die-hard hoops fan's heart, Buss fashioned the Lakers into a remarkable sports entity. They became a nightly happening, often defined by just one word coined by Buss: Showtime.
"His impact is felt worldwide," said Kobe Bryant, who has spent nearly half his life working for Buss.
Buss, who shepherded his NBA team from the Showtime dynasty of the 1980s to the current Bryant era while becoming one of the most important and successful owners in pro sports, died Monday. He was 80.
"Think about the impact that he's had on the game and the decisions he's made, and the brand of basketball he brought here with Showtime and the impact that had on the sport as a whole," Bryant said a few days ago. "Those vibrations were felt to a kid all the way in Italy who was 6 years old, before basketball was even global."
Under Buss' leadership, the Lakers became Southern California's most beloved sports franchise and a worldwide extension of Los Angeles glamour. Buss acquired, nurtured and befriended a staggering array of talented players and basketball minds during his Hall of Fame tenure, from Magic Johnson and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar to Bryant, Shaquille O'Neal and Dwight Howard.
Few owners in sports history can approach Buss' accomplishments with the Lakers, who made the NBA finals 16 times during his nearly 34 years in charge, winning 10 titles between 1980 and 2010. Whatever the Lakers did under Buss' watch, they did it big ? with marquee players, eye-popping style and a relentless pursuit of success.
"His incredible commitment and desire to build a championship-caliber team that could sustain success over a long period of time has been unmatched," said Jerry West, Buss' longtime general manager and now a consultant with the Golden State Warriors. "With all of his achievements, Jerry was without a doubt one of the most humble men I've ever been around. His vision was second to none; he wanted an NBA franchise brand that represented the very best and went to every extreme to accomplish his goals."
Buss died at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, said Bob Steiner, his assistant and longtime friend. Buss had been hospitalized for most of the past 18 months while undergoing cancer treatment, but the immediate cause of death was kidney failure, Steiner said.
"Anybody associated with the NBA since 1980 benefited greatly from Jerry Buss' impact on the game," Steiner said. "He had a different way of looking at things than I did, and people who had been raised in basketball."
With his condition worsening in recent months, several prominent former Lakers visited Buss to say goodbye. Buss' list of basketball friends is long and stellar, with Johnson citing him as a role model and nearly all former Lakers considering him a friend.
"He was a great man and an incredible friend," Johnson tweeted.
Buss always referred to the Lakers as his extended family, and his players rewarded his fanlike excitement with devotion, friendship and two hands full of championship rings. Working with front-office executives West, Bill Sharman and Mitch Kupchak, Buss spent lavishly to win his titles despite lacking a huge personal fortune, often running the NBA's highest payroll while also paying high-profile coaches Pat Riley and Phil Jackson.
With 1,786 victories, the Lakers easily are the NBA's winningest franchise since he bought the club, which is now run largely by Jim Buss and Jeanie Buss, two of his six children.
"We not only have lost our cherished father, but a beloved man of our community and a person respected by the world basketball community," the Buss family said in a statement issued by the Lakers.
"It was our father's often-stated desire and expectation that the Lakers remain in the Buss family. The Lakers have been our lives as well, and we will honor his wish and do everything in our power to continue his unparalleled legacy."
Johnson and fellow Hall of Famers Abdul-Jabbar and Worthy formed lifelong bonds with Buss during the Lakers' run to five titles in nine years in the 1980s, when the Lakers earned a reputation as basketball's most exciting team with their flamboyant Showtime repartee.
The buzz extended throughout the Forum, where Buss used the Laker Girls, a brass band and promotions to keep Lakers fans interested in all four quarters of their games. Courtside seats, priced at $15 when he bought the Lakers, became the hottest tickets in Hollywood ? and they still are, with fixture Jack Nicholson and many other celebrities attending every home game.
Worthy tweeted that Buss was "not only the greatest sports owner, but a true friend & just a really cool guy. Loved him dearly."
After a rough stretch of the 1990s for the Lakers, Jackson led O'Neal and Bryant to a three-peat from 2000-02, rekindling the Lakers' mystique, before Bryant and Pau Gasol won two more titles under Jackson in 2009 and 2010. The Lakers have struggled mightily during their current season despite adding Howard and Steve Nash, and could miss the playoffs for just the third time since Buss bought the franchise.
"Today is a very sad day for all the Lakers and basketball," Gasol tweeted. "All my support and condolences to the Buss family. Rest in peace Dr. Buss."
Always an innovative businessman, Buss paid for the Lakers through both their wild success and his groundbreaking moves to raise revenue. He co-founded a basic-cable sports television network and sold the naming rights to the Forum at times when both now-standard strategies were unusual, further justifying his induction to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2010.
"The NBA has lost a visionary owner whose influence on our league is incalculable and will be felt for decades to come," NBA Commissioner David Stern said. "More importantly, we have lost a dear and valued friend."
Although Buss gained fame and another fortune with the Lakers, he also was a scholar, Renaissance man and bon vivant who epitomized California cool his entire public life.
Buss rarely appeared in public without at least one attractive, much younger woman on his arm ? at USC football games, high-stakes poker tournaments, hundreds of boxing matches promoted by Buss at the Forum ? and, of course, Lakers games from his private box at Staples Center, which was built under his watch. In failing health recently, Buss hadn't attended a Lakers game in the past two seasons.
After a rough-and-tumble childhood that included stints as a ditch-digger and a bellhop in the frigid Wyoming winters, Buss earned a Ph.D. in chemistry at age 24 and had careers in aerospace and real estate development before getting into sports. With money from his real-estate ventures and a good bit of creative accounting, Buss bought the then-struggling Lakers, the NHL's Los Angeles Kings and both clubs' arena ? the Forum ? from Jack Kent Cooke in a $67.5 million deal that was the largest sports transaction in history at the time.
Last month, Forbes estimated the Lakers were worth $1 billion, second most in the NBA.
Buss also helped change televised sports by co-founding the Prime Ticket network in 1985, receiving a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 for his work in television. Breaking the contemporary model of subscription services for televised sports, Buss' Prime Ticket put beloved broadcaster Chick Hearn and the Lakers' home games on basic cable.
Buss also sold the naming rights to the Forum in 1988 to Great Western Savings & Loan ? another deal that was ahead of its time.
Born in Salt Lake City, Gerald Hatten Buss was raised in poverty in Wyoming before improving his life through education. He also grew to love basketball, describing himself as an "overly competitive but underly endowed player."
After graduating from the University of Wyoming, Buss attended USC for graduate school. He became a chemistry professor and worked as a chemist for the Bureau of Mines before carving out a path to wealth and sports prominence.
The former mathematician's fortune grew out of a $1,000 real-estate investment in a West Los Angeles apartment building with partner Frank Mariani, an aerospace engineer and co-worker.
Heavily leveraging his fortune and various real-estate holdings during two years of negotiations, Buss purchased Cooke's entire Los Angeles sports empire in 1979, including a 13,000-acre ranch in Kern County. Buss cited his love of basketball as the motivation for his purchase, and he immediately worked to transform the Lakers ? who had won just one NBA title since moving west from Minneapolis in 1960 ? into a star-powered endeavor befitting Hollywood.
"One of the first things I tried to do when I bought the team was to make it an identification for this city, like Motown in Detroit," he told the Los Angeles Times in 2008. "I try to keep that identification alive. I'm a real Angeleno. I want us to be part of the community."
Buss' plans immediately worked: Johnson, Abdul-Jabbar and coach Paul Westhead led the Lakers to the 1980 title. Johnson's ball-handling wizardry and Abdul-Jabbar's smooth inside game made for an attractive style of play, and the Lakers came to define West Coast sophistication.
Riley, the former broadcaster who fit the L.A. image perfectly with his slick-backed hair and good looks, was surprisingly promoted by Buss early in the 1981-82 season after West declined to co-coach the team. Riley became one of the best coaches in NBA history, leading the Lakers to four straight NBA finals and four titles, with Worthy, Michael Cooper, Byron Scott and A.C. Green playing major roles.
Overall, the Lakers made the finals nine times in Buss' first 12 seasons while rekindling the NBA's best rivalry with the Boston Celtics, and Buss basked in the worldwide celebrity he received from his team's achievements. His partying became Hollywood legend, with even his players struggling to keep up with Buss' lifestyle.
Johnson's HIV diagnosis and retirement in 1991 staggered Buss and the Lakers, the owner recalled in 2011. The Lakers struggled through much of the 1990s, going through seven coaches and making just one conference finals appearance in an eight-year stretch despite the 1996 arrivals of O'Neal, who signed with Los Angeles as a free agent, and Bryant, the 17-year-old high schooler acquired in a draft-week trade.
Shaq and Kobe didn't reach their potential until Buss persuaded Jackson, the Chicago Bulls' six-time NBA champion coach, to take over the Lakers in 1999. Los Angeles immediately won the next three NBA titles in brand-new Staples Center, AEG's state-of-the-art downtown arena built with the Lakers as the primary tenant.
After the Lakers traded O'Neal in 2004, they hovered in mediocrity again until acquiring Gasol in a heist of a trade with Memphis in early 2008. Los Angeles made the next three NBA finals, winning two more titles.
Through the Lakers' frequent successes and occasional struggles, Buss never stopped living his Hollywood dream. He was an avid poker player and a fixture on the Los Angeles club scene well into his 70s, when a late-night drunk-driving arrest in 2007 ? with a 23-year-old woman in the passenger seat of his Mercedes-Benz ? prompted him to cut down on his partying.
Buss owned the NHL's Kings from 1979-87, and the WNBA's Los Angeles Sparks won two league titles under Buss' ownership. He also owned Los Angeles franchises in World Team Tennis and the Major Indoor Soccer League.
Ownership of the Lakers is now in a trust controlled by Buss' six children, who all have worked for the Lakers organization in various capacities for several years. Jim Buss, the Lakers' executive vice president of player personnel and the second-oldest child, has taken over much of the club's primary decision-making responsibilities in the last few years, while daughter Jeanie runs the franchise's business side.
"I am blessed with a wonderful family who have helped me and guided me every step of the way," Buss said in 2010 at his Hall of Fame induction ceremony. "This support is the best anybody could ever have."
Jerry Buss still served two terms as president of the NBA's Board of Governors and was actively involved in the 2011 lockout negotiations, developing blood clots in his legs attributed to his extensive travel during that time.
Buss is survived by his six children: sons Johnny, Jim, Joey and Jesse, and daughters Jeanie Buss and Janie Drexel. He had eight grandchildren.
Arrangements are pending for a funeral and memorial service, likely at Staples Center or a nearby theatre in downtown Los Angeles.
___
Associated Press writers Beth Harris and Andrew Dalton contributed to this report.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/jerry-buss-lakers-flamboyant-owner-dies-80-185037942--spt.html
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ST. PAUL, MN - JUNE 3: Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) (R) and his wife Michelle Obama bump fists at an election night rally at the Xcel Energy Center June 3, 2008 in St. Paul, Minnesota. Obama clinched the Democratic presidential nomination following today's primaries in South Dakota and Montana, although his rival Sen. Hillary Clinton (D-NY) has not yet conceded the race. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)
President Barack Obama acknowledges the crowd as he exchanges fist bumps with the audience after speaking at Hyde Park Academy, Thursday, Feb. 14, 2013, in Chicago. (AP Photo/M. Spencer Green)
President Barack Obama fist-bumps custodian Lawrence Lipscomb in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building following the opening session of the White House Forum on Jobs and Economic Growth, Dec. 3, 2009. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)
President Barack Obama does a fist bump with Ethan Gibbs, the son of Press Secretary Robert Gibbs, after arriving by Marine One on the South Lawn of the White House, Washington, DC, April 19, 2009. President Barack Obama returned from the Fifth Summit of the Americas held in Trinidad and Tobago. AFP PHOTO/Aude GUERRUCCI (Photo credit should read Aude GUERRUCCI/AFP/Getty Images)
SPRINGHILL, WV- MAY 12: Democratic presidential hopeful Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) (L) bumps fists with Iraq war veteran Paul Scott after playing a game of pool during a stop at Schultzie's Bar & Hot Spot May 12, 2008 in Springhill, West Virginia. Sen. Obama and Sen. Hillary Clinton (D-NY) continue to battle for the Democratic presidential nomination. (Photo by Mark Wilson/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON - JULY 8: Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (L) gives a 'fist bump' to presumptive Democratic presidential nominee Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) during the national convention of the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) at the Washington Hilton July 8, 2008 in Washington, DC. Obama has been recently criticized for moving to the political center after calling for a slowing of withdrawal of troops from Iraq, supporting a proposed wiretap law and government funding of faith-based programs. (Photo by Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)
CHANTILLY, VA- OCTOBER 22: Democratic presidential nominee U.S. Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL) fists bumps with Ethan Gibbs the son of Robert Gibbs the campaign communication director as he arrives at Dulles International Airport October 22, 2008 in Chantilly, Virginia. Obama continues to campaign with election day less than two weeks away. (Photo by Joe Raedle/Getty Images)
US Democratic presidential candidate Illinois Senator Barack Obama (R) and North Carolina Governor Mike Easley bump fists at Sen. Obama's surprise appearance at a North Carolina Democratic Party dinner October 4, 2008 at the The Grove Park Inn in Asheville, North Carolina. AFP PHOTO/Stan HONDA (Photo credit should read STAN HONDA/AFP/Getty Images)
BAGHDAD, IRAQ - APRIL 7: In this handout provide by the White House, U.S. President Barack Obama (L) receives a fist-bump from a U.S. soldier as he greets hundreds of U.S. troops during his visit to Camp Victory on April 7, 2009 in Baghdad, Iraq. Obama is serving as the 44th President of the U.S. and the first African-American to be elected to the office of President in the history of the United States. (Photo by Pete Souza/White House via Getty Images)
WASHINGTON - APRIL 8: In this handout provide by the White House, U.S. President Barack Obama (L) holding a football, offers a fist-bump, to senior staff member Pete Rouse (R), during a meeting with senior advisors in the Oval Office of the White House on April 8, 2009 in Washington, DC. Obama is serving as the 44th President of the U.S. and the first African-American to be elected to the office of President in the history of the United States. (Photo by Pete Souza/White House via Getty Images)
US President Barack Obama gives a student a fist bump while touring the Wind Turbine Manufacturing and Fabrication Lab at Lorain County Community College, in Elyria, Ohio, January 22, 2010. Obama is visiting Ohio to tour local businesses and hold a town hall meeting on jobs and the economy. AFP PHOTO / Saul LOEB (Photo credit should read SAUL LOEB/AFP/Getty Images)
US President Barack Obama bumps fists with a school children after reading Christams book 'The Polar Express' to an audience of elementary school children at the Richard England Clubhouse and Community Center in Washington, DC, on December 21, 2009. AFP PHOTO/Jewel SAMAD (Photo credit should read JEWEL SAMAD/AFP/Getty Images)
US President Barack Obama fist-bumps with a supporter after speaking at a fundraiser for Senator Michael Bennet February 18, 2010 at the Fillmore Auditorium in Denver. AFP PHOTO/Mandel NGAN (Photo credit should read MANDEL NGAN/AFP/Getty Images)
US President Barack Obama (2nd-R) fist bumps with Marvin Nicholson as he plays golf at Farm Neck Golf Club in Oak Bluffs on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, on August 26, 2010. The US First Family is vacationing on the Island until August 29. AFP PHOTO/Jewel Samad (Photo credit should read JEWEL SAMAD/AFP/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON, DC - APRIL 25: (AFP OUT)U.S. President Barack Obama gives a fist bump to a young boy during a 'Let's Move' tennis clinic during the White House Easter Egg Roll on the South Lawn of the White House April 25, 2011 in Washington, DC. About 30,000 people are expected to attend the 133-year-old tradition of rolling colored eggs down the White House lawn. (Photo by Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)
US President Barack Obama gives a young boy a fist bump as he greets guests after speaking about the economy at Shaker Heights High School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, a suburb of Cleveland, on January 4, 2012. Obama announced plans to appoint Richard Cordray as acting head of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau in a recess appointment, bypassing Congress and setting up a bitter election-year legal showdown with Republicans. AFP PHOTO / Saul LOEB (Photo credit should read SAUL LOEB/AFP/Getty Images)
President Barack Obama fist bumps service members after he addressed troops at Bagram Air Field, Afghanistan, Wednesday, May 2, 2012. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak)
US President Barack Obama (L) asks for a fist bump from a young girl as he speaks with patrons outside the Kozy Corner restaurant in Oak Harbor, Ohio, July 5, 2012, where he made an unannounced visit to speak with supporters while on a bus tour of Ohio and Pennslyvania. AFP PHOTO/Jim Watson (Photo credit should read JIM WATSON/AFP/GettyImages)
WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 18: U.S. President Barack Obama gives a fist bump to Baylor University basketball guard Terran Condrey while welcoming the 2012 NCAA Women?s Basketball champions in the East Room of the White House July 18, 2012 in Washington, DC. The Baylor Lady Bears became the first NCAA basketball team to complete a 40-0 season by defeating Notre Dame 80-61 in the NCAA women's championship. (Photo by Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)
Point guard Odyssey Sims gets a fist bump from President Barack Obama at a ceremony honoring the 2012 NCAA Women's basketball champions Baylor University Bears in the East Room at the White House in Washington, Wednesday, July 18, 2012. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak)
US President Barack Obama (L) fist bumps with supporters after delivering remarks during a campaign event at Truckee Meadows Community College in Reno, Nevada, August 21, 2012. AFP PHOTO/Jim WATSON (Photo credit should read JIM WATSON/AFP/GettyImages)
President Barack Obama pounds fists with a supporter after speaking at a campaign event at The Memorial Athletic and Convocation Center at Kent State University Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012, in Kent, Ohio. (AP Photo/Tony Dejak)
US President Barack Obama fist-bumps with a woman during a lunch visit to the West Tampa Sandwich Shop and Restaurant in Tampa, Florida, September 8, 2012, during the first day of a 2-day bus tour across Florida. AFP PHOTO / Saul LOEB (Photo credit should read SAUL LOEB/AFP/GettyImages)
US President Barack Obama (L) fist bumps a supporter after speaking at a campaign rally in Nashua, New Hampshire, on October 27, 2012. AFP PHOTO/Jim WATSON (Photo credit should read JIM WATSON/AFP/Getty Images)
Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/18/obama-florida-vacation_n_2712522.html
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(Reuters) - After an all-terrain vehicle accident in the Utah desert last spring, 53-year-old Mikki Babineau expected a long recuperation for collapsed lungs and 18 broken ribs.
What the Idaho woman didn't expect was a $750 bill from the local Utah sheriff's office for sending a volunteer search and rescue unit to her aid, a service for which the sheriff in that county regularly charges fees.
Just a handful of states, including Oregon, Maine and Babineau's home state of Idaho, have laws authorizing local agencies to bill for rescues when factors such as recklessness, illegal activity or false information led to the predicament.
Lawmakers from the Rockies to the Appalachians periodically question why adventurers who incur costs should not have to pay the price - literally. That debate has heated up this year as legislators in at least two states have sought, so far unsuccessfully, to enact laws to allow fees for rescues.
"In the rare case where a person took unnecessary risks, that person should be sent a bill," said Wyoming Republican Representative Keith Gingery, who tried but failed to pass such a law in his state.
That few states currently allow such billing is chiefly due to objections by national search and rescue groups, who say the prospect of payment could prompt people to delay seeking needed aid, possibly making a dangerous situation worse.
But that has not stopped lawmakers from considering such laws. Legislators in New Hampshire, for example, are seeking to shore up search and rescue funds by establishing fees ranging from $350 to $1,000.
That legislation, designed to address deficits in a state rescue fund paid through licensing of hunters, snowmobilers and other outdoor recreationists, is pending before a New Hampshire House committee.
SURVIVAL SKILLS
A similar effort to impose payment in Wyoming came to naught this year after Gingery failed to persuade a state House panel last month to approve a provision to give county sheriffs - who in many Western states oversee search and rescue teams - the right to recover rescue costs.
The issue came to the fore last winter in the state's Teton County, home to mountains as perilous as they are scenic, when a group of snowmobilers entered the back country near a steep pass northeast of Jackson Hole and required a helicopter rescue.
When the county later asked them to contribute to the $14,000 cost of the operation, an attorney for the snowmobilers wrote a letter contending local officials had no authority to ask for reimbursement.
Wyoming's Gingery and other backers of billing those saved say the issue is broader than money. Billing for rescues, they argue, would place ill-prepared hikers, skiers and snowmobilers, especially those engaged in extreme sports, on notice.
Recent advancements in outdoor equipment, navigational devices and off-road vehicles are allowing greater access to remote areas by more people with fewer outdoors and survival skills, complicating rescue missions, Gingery said.
Rescue expenses are also rising in states like Idaho, where gas taxes cover part of the tab. Since July, nearly $85,000 has been distributed for searches from a state fund. That compares to roughly $63,000 for all of fiscal year 2012 and about $71,000 the year before, Idaho State Police documents show.
Search and rescue groups say their services make up just a fraction of the emergency costs incurred by law enforcement and medical agencies nationwide, and that efforts to bill for rescues are tied to rare but highly publicized incidents in which the stranded made foolish errors in judgment.
FEAR OF COSTS
"There is a lot of hue and cry about recovering rescue costs, but we never question people's right to dial 911 for authorities, fire departments and paramedics and we don't begrudge those costs," said Howard Paul, spokesman for the Colorado Search and Rescue Board, which oversees 50 volunteer teams in that state.
Colorado logged 1,428 missions in 2010, the most recent year data was available. While that was a high for search and rescue operations compared to the four preceding years, the record since 1995 was set in 2002 with 1,582 missions.
Dan Lack, chairman of the Rocky Mountain Rescue Association, said the specter of paying for a rescue can instill fear in some of those in need.
He was on hand in August when a climber became wedged between rocks in the Colorado mountains and ordered people who became aware of his plight not to call for help because he didn't want to be charged. They dialed 911 anyway.
"If others had not alerted us, he wouldn't have called for help until the sun went down, thunderstorms came in and my teammates and I would have been in danger," Lack said.
"I, for one, am happy to go out and rescue someone, free of charge, who's had a bad day," he said.
That ethos has underpinned 40 years of rescue work for Roger Beckett, resource coordinator for Olympic Mountain Rescue in Washington state, where lawmakers have unsuccessfully floated bills to force payment for rescues. Volunteer teams have opposed those proposals every time, he said.
Beckett said poor judgment, if defined loosely, and the lesser evil of inexperience are chief reasons for rescues.
"Inexperience won't get you in trouble but it will keep you from getting out of trouble," he said, adding he finds no fault in the relative few whose misadventures trigger a rescue.
"Every day you get out of bed, you take a risk," he said. "Should we bill you?"
(Editing by Cynthia Johnston and Todd Eastham)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/stranded-u-adventurers-rescues-come-cost-141653582.html
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| WEEKEND BLOWOUT: Every NEW or RENEWING paid subscriber receives 2 YEARS FREE.... Google to follow Apple's lead into retail stores. Google Stores will be a cooler experience than Apple Stores. Agree or disagree? Cast your vote in "Today's Poll..." in the left column below or go straight to the results here. Weekend Highlights: Eddy Cue is "Apple's most important internet executive", so argues Owen Thomas at Business Insider; Apple scores iPad education deal worth nearly $1.5 million in Chicago; Mark Gurman at 9 to 5 Mac reviews a couple of iPad mini cases from Marware, and TUAW reviews the leather X-Doria Dash iPad mini folio; Digital Trends looks at the T&C of new Mailbox app service, says it's worth the wait; Greenlight Capital, Einhorn investment firm, says Apple is breaking "law by packaging a measure to limit the offering of preferred shares with other matters up for a shareholder vote"; Apple and Samsung have finally identified products in their patent infringement case; Mike Elgan thinks Samsung so wants to be like Apple that their envy could ultimately wreck them; 9 to 5 Mac posts videos from inside Apple's reseller program from 2007; iMore presents their "ultimate guide" to the Calendar app, also offers a tutorial on creating, editing, deleting evens; Tim Cook is not the reason for Apple's stock decline argues Ashraf Eassa over at Seeking Alpha, rather, it is "the harsh competitive realities of the consumer electronics market"; MG Siegler at TechCrunch believes Apple's fall Apple TV lineup will see Nat Brown's belief that Apple could rule gaming come true, not by directly challenging the consoles, but by changing the rules; Andrew Stevenson of Neowin prognosticates Apple's future, expresses concern the current executive direction is "going down the same path that got Apple in trouble" requiring Microsoft bailout in the 90's; Apple files 21 page document explaining to court why Einhorn lawsuit is a waste of time; Adobe releases Photoshop 1 source code; yet another Mac Gmail client reviewed: Email Pro for Gmail; Mactuts+ explains how to boost performance of your Mac; got kids? The Mac Observer walks through setting up iTunes allowances for them; memeburn explains WebKit; Jony Ive receives BBC's gold Blue Peter badge, "the greatest accolade in UK children's TV"; analyst says Microsoft passing up a boatload of cash by not releasing an Office for iPad app; Staples next retail stores to start selling Apple kit in Canada, US; John Browett lands on his feet from Cupertino to the UK as CEO of Monsoon Accessorize; Technology Review feature on the Nest thermostat boys, former iPhone/iPod creators, and how they plan to connect the rest of your house; Piper Jaffray believes Apple will release new iPad body styles in April, still thinks media event likely; Apple to release iOS 6.1.2 on 20 Feb, according to German site, ifun, fixing passcode unlocking flaw, more on the hack in our Hardware/Software section. This weekend's MacUpdate Promo offers 50% savings on MacFamilyTree 6.3.6. "MacFamilyTree creates amazing, interactive relationship charts and family trees based on your family history. Input family members and key events in your family's history then attach pictures, scanned documents, and notes to create an immersive and insightful look at your past." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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